Topology error identification using normalized Lagrange multipliers

This paper Introduces a method for topology error identification based on the use of normalized Lagrange multipliers. The proposed methodology models circuit breakers as network switching branches: whose statuses are treated as operational constraints in the state estimation problem. The corresponding Lagrange multi]pliers are then normalized and used as a tool for topology error identification, in the same fashion as measurement normalized residuals are conventionally employed for analog bad data processing. Results of tests performed with the proposed algorithm for different types of topology errors are reported.