The macaque simian or simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SIV/SHIV) challenge model has been widely used to inform and guide human vaccine trials. Substantial advances have been made recently in the application of repeated-low-dose challenge (RLD) approach to assess SIV/SHIV vaccine efficacies (VE). Some candidate HIV vaccines have shown protective effects in preclinical studies using the macaque SIV/SHIV model but the model's true predictive value for screening potential HIV vaccine candidates needs to be evaluated further. Here, we review key parameters used in the RLD approach and discuss their relevance for evaluating VE to improve preclinical studies of candidate HIV vaccines. Crown Copyright (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MDDivision of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MD
D’Souza M.P.
Allen M.
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Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MDDivision of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MD
Allen M.
Sheets R.
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Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MDDivision of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MD
Sheets R.
Johnston M.I.
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Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MDDivision of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6700B Rockledge Drive, Room 5127, Bethesda, 20892, MD
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Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Kim, Jocelyn T.
Bresson-Tan, Gabrielle
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Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Bresson-Tan, Gabrielle
Zack, Jerome A.
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Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA