Optimizing the Montgomery Modular Multiplier for a Power- and Area-Efficient Hardware Architecture

Cryptography hardware design is a key challenge towards the confidentiality advance in the prominent field of the internet of things (IoT). The rise of IoT embedded devices boosts the demand for power- and area-efficient solutions for cryptography hardware. The higher the robustness of the cryptography algorithm is, the higher are the hardware complexity, the circuit area, and energy consumption. Asymmetric algorithms are a particular class widely employed in ultra-secure cryptosystems. The high time-hardness to break the private-key in asymmetric algorithms is a result of its high mathematical complexity. RSA is an asymmetric algorithm that performs successive modular multiplications to encrypt and de-encrypt the information. Therefore, arithmetic operators are the most significant part regarding circuit area and power dissipation. This work evaluates a design space exploration for power- and area-efficient hardware VLSI design in the modular Montgomery multiplier employed in the RSA algorithm.