Epstein-Barr virus-associated T cell lymphoproliferative disorder following autologous blood stem cell transplantation for relapsed Hodgkin's disease

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) of T cell type are a rare complication of solid organ and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), and usually are not associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV-associatcd T cell PTLD has not been reported to occur after autologous HCT. We report an unusual case of T cell lymphoproliferation after autologous blood stem cell transplantation (ABSCT), A patient with relapsed Hodgkin's disease developed abdominal lymphadenopathy followed by atypical CD8(+) lymphocytosis ill the peripheral blood 30 months following ABSCT, DNA studies of the atypical lymphocytes demonstrated rearrangements of the T cell receptor beta gene and a clonal proliferation of EBV.