Esophageal atresia with double tracheoesophageal fistula - A case report and review of the literature

Esophageal atresia with double tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF) is a very rare anomaly, and the accurate preoperative diagnosis of proximal TEF is very difficult. This paper describes a baby girl who presented with esophageal atresia with double, proximal, and distal TEE The distal TEF was diagnosed before operation, whereas the proximal TEF was found intraoperatively. Overlooking the presence of proximal TEF can lead to increased morbidity and mortality due to severe respiratory infection and the necessity of a second operation. Great care must therefore be taken to not overlook the presence of proximal TEF in patients with this anomaly.