Signature of multiferroicity and pyroelectricity close to room temperature in BaFe12O19 hexaferrite

In this paper, we have reported the signature of multiferroicity and pyroelectricity in BaFe12O19 hexaferrite close to room temperature. The BaFe12O19 hexaferrite samples are synthesized by co-precipitation method at different sintering temperature ranging from 800 to 1200 degrees C and study their structural, ferroelectric, magnetic, magnetoelectric and pyroelectric properties. X-ray Diffraction patterns show the pure phase formation for all samples. Morphological changes are examined through the scanning electron microscope. The maximum ferroelectric polarization (0.66 mu C/cm(2)) is observed for the sample sintered at 1200 degrees C, however maximum magnetic polarization 74 emu/g is observed for sample sintered at 1000 degrees C. Magneto-electric coupling measurements are also performed through dynamic method and average magneto-electric coupling coefficient (similar to 7.05 x 10(-7) mV/cm Oe(2)) is observed at room temperature for the sample sintered at 1200 degrees C. Furthermore, maximum pyroelectric constant (147 x 10(-13)C/cm(2) degrees C) is observed at 75 degrees C for BaFe12O19 samples sintered at 1200 degrees C. The observation of both multiferroicity and pyroelectricity close to room temperature in BaFe12O19 hexaferrite is interesting and useful for multifunctional devices.