Seven anthocyanins, cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(Z)-p-coumaroyl-beta-glucopyranoside)5-O-beta-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-beta-glucopyranoside)-5-O-beta-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(Z)-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-beta-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranoside, and cyanidin 3-O-beta-galactopyranoside were isolated from the red flowers of Camellia saluenensis. Out of seven anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(Z)-p-coumaroyl-p-glucopyranoside)-5-O-beta-glucopyranoside was found to be isolated from the red flowers of genus Camellia for the first time. The floral distribution of anthocyanin composition was also determined by HPLC analysis between C. saluenensis and C. pitardii var. pitardii.