Metastasis in renal cell carcinoma: Biology and implications for therapy

被引：117

作者：

Gong, Jun ^{[1
]}

Maia, Manuel Caitano ^{[2
]}

Dizman, Nazli ^{[3
]}

Govindarajan, Ameish ^{[1
]}

Pal, Sumanta K. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] City Hope Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Med Oncol & Expt Therapeut, Duarte, CA 91010 USA

[2] Inst Hemomed Oncol & Hematol, Div Med Oncol, Ave Arnolfo de Azevedo,121 Cerqueira Cesar, BR-01248040 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[3] Istanbul Medeniyet Univ, Dept Internal Med, Goztepe Res & Training Hosp, Istanbul, Turkey

来源：

ASIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY | 2016年 / 3卷 / 04期

关键词：

Renal cell carcinoma; Metastasis; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Mammalian target of rapamycin; Hypoxia inducible factor;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ajur.2016.08.006

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学（泌尿生殖系疾病）];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Although multiple advances have been made in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), metastatic RCC remains incurable. In the current review, we focus on the underlying biology of RCC and plausible mechanisms of metastasis. We further outline evolving strategies to combat metastasis through adjuvant therapy. Finally, we discuss clinical patterns of metastasis in RCC and how distinct systemic therapy approaches may be considered based on the anatomic location of metastasis. (C) 2016 Editorial Office of Asian Journal of Urology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

引用

页码：286 / 292

页数：7

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