Public-Private Partnerships in Health in Malaysia: Lessons for Policy Implementation

The government of Malaysia, an early and enthusiastic supporter of the concept of privatization of public services, can also be considered as being highly supportive of more recent strategies such as "public-private partnerships" (PPPs) in the delivery of social services. It established a Public-Private Partnership Unit (UKAS) in 2011. This discussion of Malaysia's experience with health care PPPs is based on a literature review. The record is mixed, with successes and failures. Critical factors for success include regulation, transparency, clear policy guidance and clarity on operational procedures and responsibilities, proper evaluation mechanisms, sustained financial support, especially for NGO partners, and unwavering commitment from policy-makers.