The growing mental health needs that are related to HIV are immense and diverse. The HIV mental health spectrum is a model that identifies and characterizes populations in need of HIV-related services which can be offered by Community Mental Health Centers. The spectrum describes the specialized service requirements for each of these populations, the challenges in providing these services, and staff training needs. The authors propose this as a useful model for clinicians, researchers, educators, and administrators in planning to meet the needs of this expanding epidemic.