Behavioral problems: when thinking about a limbic encephalitis ?

Limbic encephalitis is a rare pathology, poorly known but that seems to be underestimated, and that should be mentioned to a classical diagnostic triad, but non specific. This autoimmune pathology is characterised by amnesic, psychiatric and neurological disorders type seazure. The diagnosis is often made only after an extended hospitalization. We report a detailed observation of two young patients cases with no antecedent, for whom a limbic encephalitis was diagnosed. They were initially admitted in the emergency department for a strong and loud psychiatric sympto-matology that has led to an inappropriate hospitalization in a specialised sector. These two case reports enable us to comprehend all the diagnostic difficulty of this pathology, but also the selection and direction difficulties, that are specific to the emergency medicine.