Transformational Leadership in India Developing and Validating a New Scale Using Grounded Theory Approach

This article reports on three studies that used a combination of methods to develop a measure of transformational leadership in India. The grounded theory approach was followed for generating the initial item-pool (n = 250). In the second study (n = 379), an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis, which resulted in a six-factor model. The factors show support for both universal as well as unique cultural dimensions. In the third study (n = 202; 101 manager-subordinate dyads) survey data were collected and support was found for sound psychometric properties of the new scale, including incremental, discriminant, convergent, and predictive validity. The new scale explained significant variance over and above the variance explained by the currently existing scale for measuring transformational leadership.