SUBTLE WAYS OF SHIFTING THE BALANCE IN FAVOR OF BETWEEN-GROUP SELECTION

One factor that makes human behavior particularly interesting in the context of a hierarchical view of selection is that humans are able to actively shift the balance in favor of either between- or within-group selection. W&S present some direct ways of facilitating such shifts, and I supplement their argument by showing that even more subtle, indirect effects can also shift the balance of selection in favor of between-group selection.