POEM PIECES OF F. CHOPIN AND F. LISZT: PERFORMANCE ASPECT

The article describes the performing aspect of poem works by Liszt and Chopin. Musicologists consider this type of works as one of the most significant for the style of early Romantics, as its poem nature accumulates new features that differ Liszt's and Chopin's works from those created by other composers of preceding epochs. Poem works are the most often performed works and this fact shows their great importance for performance. The concept of poem nature probably appeared in Liszt's symphonic poems as well as in B. Asafiev's and B. Yavorsky's works. The concept indicates not only signs of a style or a genre, transferred to a different style or genre, but an original dramatic sign which sends us to romantic musical and philosophical concepts. Scientists see this feature in many Liszt's and Chopin's works, and mainly in the so-called "works of a medium form". In this article, the concept of poem nature in music is interpreted according to these positions. With the help of synergistic methodology, the article discusses some features of the poem works performance and its relationship with the main poem principles. First of all, the article deals with expressive timing which reveals such a feature in the construction of phrases as emphasis in synergistic "points of instability", produced by harmony and structure. Through these zones a performer influences images in his/her work, which are source of a "small resonant action". The synergistic concept "open system" is proposed in this article. It displays features of the architectonics of phrases in poem works and dramaturgy individualization of the whole work, which is the key feature of poemic character from the point of view of B. Asafiev and B. Yavorsky. The author then considers the program nature in poem works as potential extramusic images. Also, the research deals with the concept "potential program" which is reinterpreted in the performance as intramusic semantics in poem works. This understanding of program nature can be thought as more consonant with Liszt's designation of poetry in music, which is also discussed in the article. All the mentioned principles of poem works are observed in terms of their performance. The basis of the analysis is in the statistical data already studied both in western researchers' works and in specific spoken recommendations made by popular artists that can be heard at master classes.