Pioglitazone Loaded Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles-Surface Coated by Chitosan to Improve Kinetics

The purpose of this work was to develop Pioglitazone loaded surface modified Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles. The desired surface modified PLGA nanospheres loaded with Pioglitazone were prepared by the emulsion solvent evaporation method. Formed nanospheres were subjected to various studies for characterization including Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). These studies favorably revealed that the mean particle diameter of optimized formulation was 154 nm and had spherical morphology with amorphous nature. Zeta potential analyzer confirms the surface modification of nanoparticles. Moreover, these particles were also subjected to Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) for compatibility analysis between drug and polymer. The results were positive and showed that, there were no interaction between drug and polymer. HPTLC method has been developed for the quantitative and qualitative estimation of drug in nanoparticle formulation. The optimized formulation demonstrated favorable in-vitro prolonged release characteristics. The mean residence time of formulation was also increased significantly (P < 0.05) when compared with normal drug during pharmacokinetic evaluation. The in-vivo toxicity study in albino rats showed no significant change in bio chemical and pathological examinations. Hence, the designed system could possibly be advantageous in terms of prolonged release, to achieve reduced dose frequency and improve patient compliance of Pioglitazone. Surface modified Pioglitazone loaded PLGA nanospheres showed beneficial characteristics when compared with Pioglitazone loaded PLGA nanospheres.