COMPARISON OF FROST AND DEFROST PERFORMANCE BETWEEN MICROCHANNEL COIL AND FIN-AND-TUBE COIL FOR HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS

This paper presents a comparison of frost and defrost cycling performance between a microchannel heat exchanger with louvered fin and a fin-and-tube heat exchanger with straight fins employed as outdoor coils of a 14 kW (48 000 Btu/h) heat pump system. In addition to temperature, pressure and flow rate measurements taken at various locations of the systems, the fin-base and tube wall surface temperature were also recorded by using fine-gauge precalibrated thermocouples on the coils. Further, load cells were used to measure the mass of frost accumulation during heating tests. Data showed that the frosting time of the microchannel heat exchanger is more than 50% shorter than for the fin-and-tube heat exchanger, which is chosen as the baseline system. The average heating capacity and system performance over a frost -defrost cycle are also lower for the system with microchannel heat exchangers. Higher frost growth rate was mainly due to augmented temperature difference between air and the surface of the heat exchanger, and preferential frost nucleation sites on the louvered fins and microchannel tubes. Removal of residual water in the microchannel heat exchanger did not improve the frost performance significantly. Blowing nitrogen on the microchannel coil after defrost removed any visible water retained in the coil after the defrost cycle but the cycle time increased only by 4% with respect to wet and frost conditions. The cycle time of the same microchannel coil starting with dry conditions was about 60% longer than the cycle time in wet and frost conditions.