电力多元转换(Power-to-X):技术路径、应用与挑战

被引:1
|
作者
李亚楼
王丹丹
赵飞
李芳
机构
[1] 电网安全全国重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司)
关键词
可再生能源; 电力多元转换; 电解制氢; 绿氢转换; 绿色燃料;
D O I
10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2023.1234
中图分类号
TM73 [电力系统的调度、管理、通信];
学科分类号
摘要
碳中和目标驱动下,新能源装机比重迅速提升,但其随机性与波动性将给电力系统消纳和安全运行带来巨大挑战。电力多元转换(Power-to-X)可以将可再生能源发电转换为其他各类绿色燃料,利用化学能实现对电能的吸收、储存和运输,为电力系统电能储存和利用提供了新思路;同时,通过电力多元转换,也加强了各种能源形式的耦合,降低了不同领域的碳排放,对推进我国绿色低碳转型具有重要意义。该文着重介绍了Power-to-X涉及的各个关键环节,包括电解制储氢、碳捕集以及绿氢转换的技术发展现状;重点比较了4类典型Power-to-X路径——电转甲烷、电转甲醇、电转醚类和电转氨的技术流程;此外,该文针对当前国内外Power-to-X实施情况,具体介绍了各类示范项目的应用进展;进一步地,该文从能效、碳源以及制氢技术等方面出发,剖析了Power-to-X发展面临的主要问题与挑战;最后,针对当前问题,该文提出了相应应对措施,并对Power-to-X的未来发展进行了展望。
引用
收藏
页码:1809 / 1820
页数:12
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