Phenomenological phase diagram of superfluid 3He in a stretched aerogel

Highly anisotropic “nematically ordered” aerogel induces global uniaxial anisotropy in superfluid 3He. The anisotropy lowers symmetry of 3He in the aerogel from spherical to axial. As a result, instead of one transition temperature in a state with an orbital moment l = 1, there are two, corresponding to projections lz = 0 and lz = ±1. This splitting has a pronounced effect on the phase diagram of superfluid 3He and on the structures of the appearing phases. Possible phase diagrams obtained phenomenologically on the basis of Landau expansion of the thermodynamic potential in the vicinity of the transition temperature are presented here. The order parameters corresponding to each phase and their temperature dependences are found.