Power/energy loss allocation in deregulated power distribution system with load factor and load power factor variation

The active power loss allocation of a radial distribution system faces numerous challenges due to deregulation of power supply. The huge penetrations of distributed generators (DGs) result reverse current in the network, which leads to complexity in cross-term decomposition and power loss allocation. Further, the system loss may decrease/increase due to penetration of DGs into the system. The distribution of this reduced/enhanced portion of losses among the end-users again brings complications in the radial distribution network (RDN) loss allocation. In light of above issues, this paper formulates a circuit theory based branch oriented LA algorithm which removes the impact of mutual terms analytically from the loss equation without any assumptions and approximations. This method allocates losses to the load points in the presence/absence of DG units with due respect to their load demands, power factors and positions in the power network. Moreover, a new DG remuneration scheme has been developed from the power loss equation which provides all the benefits of network loss reduction only to the DG owners in terms of incentives/penalties after analyzing their real impact towards RDN loss reduction. This technique is further extended to investigate the response as regard to energy loss allocation and load power factor variation keeping in view to practical field of application. The performance with respect to different load factors and DG power injections are also investigated using two test distribution systems i.e., IEEE-28 and 30 bus test systems. The comparative result obtained highlights effectiveness of the developed procedure against other existing procedures.