Arterial embolization for control of bleeding in advanced head and neck malignancy

Background: This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and suitability of an arterial embolization technique for the control of bleeding in advanced head and neck malignancies. Methods: Embolization was performed on 6 patients with advanced head and neck malignancy using various embolic materials for the control of bleeding. The primary tumors were located in the nasopharynx, hypopharynx (n = 2), oral base, face, and external auditory canal. All of these patients had severe anemia and 5 had massive regional hemorrhages. Results: All bleeding was well controlled by the arterial embolization; 2 patients were cured of hypovolemic shock. None of the patients died as a direct result of tumor bleeding, and there were no massive rebleeding cases in our series. Conclusion: Arterial embolization offers an effective, safe, and fast method for controlling bleeding from advanced head and neck malignancies. A good working relationship between the surgeon and the interventional radiologist provides the greatest chance for success in such cases.