Application of liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography to the determination of chlorfenapyr in water samples

A new method was developed for the determination of chlorfenapyr in water samples using liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and gas chromatography coupled to micro-cell electron capture detection. The main factors influencing the extraction efficiency of LPME, such as extraction solvent, volume of extraction solvent, stirring rate, extraction time and ionic effects were studied. Analytical parameters such as linearity, repeatability and limits of detection were also evaluated. The method enables simple and rapid analysis of chlorfenapyr in water with limits of detection below 0.01 µg L−1 for tap water and river water. The relative recoveries ranged from 80 to 102%, with relative standard deviations varying from 9 to 12%.