Short-term Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) as a Plastic Precursor: Hematological and Behavioral Effects on Oncorhynchus mykiss and Vimba vimba

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the main ingredient of plastic materials that are the most used in the world and can cause environmental problems as a result of anthropogenic effects. It is adversely effect on organisms, especially in the degradation of the endocrine system. This study focused on short-term exposure of different BPA concentrations on two fish species (Onchorhynchus mykiss and Vimba vimba). The study configuration was prepared as a 96-h exposure design in BPA aquariums according to concentrations of 500, 1000, and 1500 μg/L. The results showed that turbidity, one of the water quality parameters, was significantly higher in BPA groups than in the control group (p<0.05). In addition, while turbidity showed an increasing trend with increasing time in the BPA group, it did not show any change for the control group. Deteriorations in fish behaviors observed such as loss of balance and high mucus secretion in BPA groups. Hematological results showed that WBC, RBC, HGB, and HCT values in O. mykiss were significantly higher in 1000 and 1500 μg/L BPA groups compared to the control (p<0.01). On the contrary, hematological parameters in V. vimba BPA groups showed similar or lower values compared to control. The current study revealed that fish in the culture environment may be adversely affected physiologically and behaviorally by BPA exposure.