Motion characteristics and output voltage analysis of micro-vibration energy harvester based on diamagnetic levitation

In this paper, the force analysis and output performance of the micro-vibration energy harvester are elaborated. The force of the floating magnet in the magnetic field of the lifting magnet is firstly analyzed. Using COMSOL™, the change of magnetic force exerted on the floating magnet versus the vertical distance and the horizontal eccentric distance is obtained for different lifting magnets of a cylinder, a ring and an inner cylinder plus an outer ring, respectively. When the distance between the lifting and floating magnets ranges from 7.3 to 8.1 mm, the change rate of the magnetic force versus the vertical distance for the inner cylinder plus outer ring structure is the smallest, whose value is 619 µN/mm. In other words, if the inner cylinder plus outer ring structure is used as the lifting magnet, the vibration space of the floating magnet is the largest, which is 8 and 7.6 % larger than the cylinder and ring lifting magnets, respectively. The horizontal restoring forces of the three structures are substantially equal to each other at the horizontal eccentric distance of 4 mm, which is around 860 µN. Then the equilibrium position change of the floating magnet is discussed when the energy harvester is in an inclined position. Finally, by the analysis of the vibration model, the output performances of the energy harvester are comparatively calculated under the vertical and inclined positions. At the natural frequency of 6.93 Hz, the maximum power of 66.7 µW is generated.