Analysis of EEG Signal to Classify Sleep Stages Using Machine Learning

Automated classification of sleep stages is in demand to overcome the limitations of manual sleep stage classification. Analyzing sleep stages manually using neurophysiological signals and inspecting visually is very difficult, time-consuming process. Many techniques have been proposed already in the past two decades. Sleep experts, physicians do not have assurance with such techniques concerned with accuracy, specificity and sensitivity. The aim of the paper is to propose an efficient technique for sleep stage classification based on Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals analysis using machine learning algorithms by considering 10 s of epochs. EEG signals have played significant role in automatic sleep stage classification. EEG signals are filtered and decomposed into frequency sub-bands using band-pass filter. Statistical features are extracted and trained with Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest algorithms with different testing dataset percentage. Results show Random Forest algorithm achieves 97.8% of accuracy. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.