Effect of Zn, Ni, and Mn doping ions on magnetic properties of MFe2O4 (M = Mn, Zn, and Ni) nanoparticles synthesized via sol–gel autocombustion using PVA/sago starch blend as a chelating agent

In this study, MFe2O4 nanoparticle materials (M = Mn, Ni, Zn) were synthesized by sol–gel combustion using polyvinyl alcohol blend sago starch as the chelating agent. To achieve the highest percentage yield, the concentration of PVA and of sago starch solution for coating the synthesized materials is 1.0 g and 30 mL (35% sago starch solution). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques: the crystallite size was observed to be 8–27 nm. The magnetic properties of all three samples were studied, and the measurements were carried out using a vibrating sample magnetometer; the samples exhibit ferromagnetic properties. NiFe2O4 nanoparticle gave the highest saturation magnetization value of 109.32 emu/g and the lowest coercivity value of 83.20 Oe. Moreover, the samples showed no difference in thermal properties. The synthesized MFe2O4 nanoparticle can be applied as a density magnetic recording media material.