A review on chemical precipitation in carbon capture, utilization and storage

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies are being developed to address the increasing CO2 emissions, mitigating the global warming and climate change. In this context, chemical precipitation has been advanced to enhance the performance, energy-efficiency and profitability of CCUS. In this review, we first present the fundamentals of precipitation and dissolution, and then summarize the incorporation of precipitation in each aspect of CCUS. The controlled precipitation of CO2-rich solid during the capture of CO2 by regenerable solvents can reduce the energy demand. The mineral carbonation of silicate and industrial waste sequestrates CO2 as stable solids. The efficiency of mineral carbonation, either direct or indirect, is dictated by the dissolution of minerals and the precipitation of carbonates and silica. The precipitation of calcium carbonate can be controlled to produce various polymorphs and morphology, enabling its utilization for the enhancement of profitability and environmental benefits. Ultimately, the prospective for future research was proposed.