Design and Optimization of Microstrip patch Antenna via Improved Metaheuristic Algorithm

Nowadays, Microstrip patch antennas (MPA) are commonly deployed in various applications as it has number of benefits like compatibility, lower volume, low weight, low cost and easiness to install on rigid surfaces. However, MPA is restricted with narrow bandwidth and therefore, the enhancement of bandwidth is essential for the broad banded appliances. This work intends to develop a new approach, which derives a non-linear objective model to assist in designing the solution spaces of antenna constraints. For this, a new improved optimization concept termed as Elephant Herding Optimization with New Scaling Factor (EHO-NSF) is proposed that tunes the MPA parameters. The significance of the proposed work is to increase the antenna gain by optimally selecting the width, patch length, dielectric value of substrate, and substrate thickness of MPA. Eventually, analysis is carried out that validates the adopted model regarding gain, cost and efficiency analysis.