Fabrication Methods of Porous Titanium Implants by Powder Metallurgy

Metallic biomaterials improve the life quality of the people. In particular, efforts to develop porous biomaterials are getting more attention recently. Among the metallic materials, titanium alloys are commonly preferred in biomedical application due to their excellent biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Researches into porous titanium-based implant materials have resulted in several fabrication methods, with many others under development. In this study, powder metallurgical different processing techniques such as partial sintering of powders, replication, additive manufacturing, plasma spray coating, microwave sintering, space holder method, spark plasma sintering, metal injection molding were investigated. What are the requirements, problems and developments in this field? After considering these issues, we will discuss different conventional and technological processing methods, along with their effects on the structure and properties of implant materials.