Characteristics of Blood Pressure Profiles After Endovascular Coiling as Predictors of Clinical Outcome in Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

OBJECTIVE: Accurate identification of patients who will achieve a favorable outcome is almost impossible preoperatively or postoperatively in poor-grade (Hunt and Hess Grade IV and V) aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Whether characteristics of blood pressure profiles during the first 24 hours after endovascular coiling could predict prognosis in poor grade patients was explored. METHODS: Data were obtained retrospectively on all patients undergoing endovascular treatment with poor-grade SAH from November 2011 to June 2016. Blood pressure during the initial 24 hours was measured at 2-hour intervals after coil embolization. Studied features of mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP) and systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) as well as demographics, medical history, clinical characteristics, and neurologic outcomes were documented. SBPV was determined as standard deviation and successive variation of systolic blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of favorable outcome assessed on modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2. RESULTS: The patients with favorable and unfavorable outcome were comparable with respect to systolic blood pressure on admission and MSBP after coiling. However, MSBP between 120 and 140 mm Hg was one of independent predictors of good outcomes at discharge (odds ratio 7.1; P = 0.002). SBPV-successive variation after embolization was associated with functional recovery (odds ratio 0.87; P = 0.011) in multivariate logistic analysis and mortality by Cox proportional hazard regression (hazard ratio, 1.10; P = 0.001) at 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of blood pressure profiles after coiling appeared to be simple and convenient indexes for the prognosis of patients with poor-grade SAH.