Regenerative endodontic therapy for the management of non-vital immature permanent teeth in young patients

Regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) could result in continued root development, with possible occupancy of the root canal system by vital tissues. RET should be considered for young patients with immature teeth with incomplete root formation. However, much is still unknown about the clinical and biological aspects of RET, especially the long-term effects in the growing child. Several guidelines have been published advocating the use of RET for the management of non-vital immature permanent teeth. An electronic search using electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and EMBASE Classic, and PubMed was undertaken; there are currently 12 published randomised controlled clinical trials on RET. This review discusses current knowledge with respect to RET protocols, as well as survival, success rates and predictability of RET outcomes. Patient-centred outcomes in relation to the young patient, such as tooth discolouration, and orthodontic treatment of RET-treated teeth are discussed. The most current and accepted clinical protocols for RET are outlined.