Optimal sizing of fuel cell electric vehicle powertrain considering multiple objectives

In this paper, we propose a multi-objective optimization problem of power components parameters for a pre-defined driving cycle and energy management algorithm regarding fuel economy, system durability, power components cost and battery volume. We eliminate the parameter vectors that can't meet the vehicle power demand. Then applying the algorithm to the model of a fuel cell city bus gives the opportunity to choose the best values for battery capacity Q(bat) and the maximal net output power of the FCS P-fcsmax according to the contour diagram. Simulation results show that for a "New Europe Driving Cycle", a battery capacity of 96 Ah and an FCS maximal net output power of 100 kW are optimal for the fuel economy, system durability, power components cost and battery volume limitation of a fuel cell city bus.