Viral Population Diversity during Co-Infection of Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Serotypes SAT1 and SAT2 in African Buffalo in Kenya

被引:4
|
作者
Palinski, Rachel M. [1 ]
Brito, Barbara [2 ]
Jaya, Frederick R. [2 ]
Sangula, Abraham [3 ]
Gakuya, Francis [4 ]
Bertram, Miranda R. [1 ]
Pauszek, Steven J. [5 ]
Hartwig, Ethan J. [1 ]
Smoliga, George R. [1 ]
Obanda, Vincent [4 ]
Omondi, George P. [6 ,7 ]
VanderWaal, Kimberly [6 ]
Arzt, Jonathan [1 ]
机构
[1] ARS USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Orient Point, NY 11957 USA
[2] Univ Technol Sydney, Australian Inst Microbiol & Infect, Ultimo 2007, Australia
[3] Kenya Foot & Mouth Dis Lab, Nairobi 00500, Kenya
[4] Wildlife Res & Training Inst, Vet Sci & Labs Dept, Naivasha 20117, Kenya
[5] USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv,Plum Isl Anim Dis, Orient Point, NY 11957 USA
[6] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
[7] Ahadi Vet Resource Ctr, Nairobi 20117, Kenya
来源
VIRUSES-BASEL | 2022年 / 14卷 / 05期
关键词
foot-and-mouth disease; short-read sequencing; intra-host diversity; serotype A; CARRIER STATE; PERSISTENCE; WILDLIFE; TRANSMISSION; PATHOGENESIS; ALIGNMENT; NETWORKS; CATTLE; EGYPT;
D O I
10.3390/v14050897
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
African buffalo are the natural reservoirs of the SAT serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in sub-Saharan Africa. Most buffalo are exposed to multiple FMDV serotypes early in life, and a proportion of them become persistently infected carriers. Understanding the genetic diversity and evolution of FMDV in carrier animals is critical to elucidate how FMDV persists in buffalo populations. In this study, we obtained oropharyngeal (OPF) fluid from naturally infected African buffalo, and characterized the genetic diversity of FMDV. Out of 54 FMDV-positive OPF, 5 were co-infected with SAT1 and SAT2 serotypes. From the five co-infected buffalo, we obtained eighty-nine plaque-purified isolates. Isolates obtained directly from OPF and plaque purification were sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences obtained from recombination-free protein-coding regions revealed a discrepancy in the topology of capsid proteins and non-structural proteins. Despite the high divergence in the capsid phylogeny between SAT1 and SAT2 serotypes, viruses from different serotypes that were collected from the same host had a high genetic similarity in non-structural protein-coding regions P2 and P3, suggesting interserotypic recombination. In two of the SAT1 and SAT2 co-infected buffalo identified at the first passage of viral isolation, the plaque-derived SAT2 genomes were distinctly grouped in two different genotypes. These genotypes were not initially detected with the NGS from the first passage (non-purified) virus isolation sample. In one animal with two SAT2 haplotypes, one plaque-derived chimeric sequence was found. These findings demonstrate within-host evolution through recombination and point mutation contributing to broad viral diversity in the wildlife reservoir. These mechanisms may be critical to FMDV persistence at the individual animal and population levels, and may contribute to the emergence of new viruses that have the ability to spill-over to livestock and other wildlife species.
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页数:16
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