Noninvasive ultrasonic approach to liquid level measurement and liquid identification

Analyzing low impedance liquids inside sealed containment vessels often presents a challenge. In some applications, wetted transducers or other invasive strategies are not permissible. Therefore, a strategy based on external clamp-on transducers has been investigated. Using pulse-echo measurements, the characteristics of multiple reflections from the liquid-vessel interface can be related to both liquid level and the liquid's identity. The design challenges of a simple array setup for this approach have also been considered.