Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations in Smaller Water Supply Systems: Using Modified CCME WQI from Groundwater Source to Distribution Networks

被引:13
|
作者
Haider, Husnain [1 ]
Alkhowaiter, Mohammed Hammed [2 ]
Shafiquzzaman, Md. [1 ]
AlSaleem, Saleem S. [1 ]
Almoshaogeh, Meshal [1 ]
Alharbi, Fawaz [1 ]
机构
[1] Qassim Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
[2] Real Estate Dev Fund, AlRass Brach, Alrass 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
关键词
smaller water supply systems; water quality; CCME WQI; groundwater quality; risk-based water quality assessment; spatiotemporal water quality; CANADIAN COUNCIL; INDEX; MINISTERS; RISK;
D O I
10.3390/w11091884
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Original Canadian Council of Minster of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) is being used for assessing the water quality of surface water sources and distribution systems on a case by case basis. Its full potential as a management tool for complete water supply systems (WSSs) has yet to be recognized at the global level. A framework is developed using the modified CCME WQI to assess spatiotemporal water quality from groundwater source to treatment and distribution networks in smaller systems. The modified index resolves a limitation of the original index by also evaluating the microbiological water quality parameters which have to be completely absent for meeting desired drinking water quality standards. The framework divides the distribution network in different zones, which are further segregated into districts, to improve the decision-making process. Temporal assessment identifies the seasons with higher probabilities of failures, while the spatial assessment provides an insight on the performance (i.e., Excellent to Poor) of each district in a distribution network. In addition to failure probability, risk mapping gives appropriate attention to the number of consumers in different districts. Application of the framework on two smaller WSSs (population less than 50,000) in Qassim region revealed that the remotely located districts from the treatment facility underperform in comparison to the closely situated districts. Managers can effectively apply the proposed framework to identify the locations and periods of water quality failures in each component (i.e., source, treatment, and distribution) of a smaller WSS for effective utilization of their resources in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere with similar conditions.
引用
收藏
页数:17
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] Groundwater Quality Evaluation of the Dawu Water Source Area Based on Water Quality Index (WQI): Comparison between Delphi Method and Multivariate Statistical Analysis Method
    Liu, Zhizheng
    Zhu, Henghua
    Cui, Xiaowei
    Wang, Wei
    Luan, Xiaoyu
    Chen, Lu
    Cui, Zhaojie
    Zhang, Long
    WATER, 2021, 13 (08) : NA
  • [42] Evaluation of surface water quality by using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method and discriminant analysis method: a case study Coruh River Basin
    Bilgin, Ayla
    ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT, 2018, 190 (09)
  • [43] Spatiotemporal variations of water quality of lakes in Wuhan from 2015 to 2019
    Dai X.
    Xu D.
    Wu J.
    Feng J.
    Zou S.
    Yin H.
    Xu, Dong (xudong@ihb.ac.cn), 1600, Science Press (33): : 1415 - 1424
  • [44] Assessment of a groundwater quality monitoring network for Disi-Aquifer in southern Jordan using Water Quality Index (WQI)
    Salem, Zaydoun Abu
    Mahasneh, Mehaysen Ahmed
    Al Rabadi, Said Jereis
    INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS, 2024, 9 (09)
  • [45] Assessment of water quality in groundwater resources of Iran using a modified drinking water quality index (DWQI)
    Mohebbi, Mohammad Reza
    Saeedi, Reza
    Montazeri, Ahmad
    Vaghefi, Kooshiar Azam
    Labbafi, Sharareh
    Oktaie, Sogol
    Abtahi, Mehrnoosh
    Mohagheghian, Azita
    ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS, 2013, 30 : 28 - 34
  • [46] Groundwater quality evaluation based on water quality indices (WQI) using GIS: Maadher plain of Hodna, Northern Algeria
    Tahar Selmane
    Mostefa Dougha
    Salim Djerbouai
    Djamaleddine djemiat
    Nadjet Lemouari
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2023, 30 : 30087 - 30106
  • [47] Groundwater quality evaluation based on water quality indices (WQI) using GIS: Maadher plain of Hodna, Northern Algeria
    Selmane, Tahar
    Dougha, Mostefa
    Djerbouai, Salim
    Djemiat, Djamaleddine
    Lemouari, Nadjet
    ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, 2023, 30 (11) : 30087 - 30106
  • [48] Assessment of groundwater quality using water quality index (WQI): A case study of a hard rock terrain in Sri Lanka
    Udeshani, W. A. C.
    Dissanayake, H. M. K. P.
    Gunatilake, S. K.
    Chandrajith, Rohana
    GROUNDWATER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 2020, 11
  • [49] Assessment of groundwater quality from semi-arid area for drinking purpose using statistical, water quality index (WQI) and GIS technique
    Mohammed Bahir
    Salah Ouhamdouch
    Driss Ouazar
    Abdelghani Chehbouni
    Carbonates and Evaporites, 2020, 35
  • [50] Assessment of Groundwater Based Public Drinking Water Supply System of Kamrup District, Assam, India using a Modified Water Quality Index
    Goswami, Jayanta
    Bhattacharjya, Rajib Kumar
    POLLUTION, 2021, 7 (03): : 495 - 509