Icosabutate for the treatment of very high triglycerides: A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, 12-week clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Icosabutate is a structurally enhanced omega-3 fatty acid molecule developed with the aim of achieving improved triglyceride (TG)-lowering efficacy, increased potency, and preserved safety compared with conventional prescription omega-3 fatty acid. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of icosabutate 600 mg once daily in patients with very high TGs. METHODS: After a 6-8 week run-in period, men and women with TG levels >= 500 mg/dL and <= 1500 mg/dL were randomized to double-blind treatment with placebo or icosabutate 600 mg for 12 weeks. The primary end point was % change from baseline in TGs at 12 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 87 subjects were randomized. At baseline, median TG (interquartile range) levels were 611 (543-878) and 688 (596-892) mg/dL, and the median change after 12 weeks of treatment was -51% and -17%, respectively, for a placebo-corrected change of -33% (P < .001). Adjusted for placebo, icosabutate significantly reduced very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-36%, P < .001), remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (-34%, P < .001), apolipoprotein (Apo) C-III (-35%, P < .001), trended toward reduced non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-7%, P = .064); significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (18%, P < .001) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (28%, P < .001), with a trend of an increased lipoprotein (a; 10%, P = .054). No changes were observed in total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, or apolipoprotein Al. Fasting plasma glucose was unchanged, whereas fasting plasma insulin was reduced (P = .001) with icosabutate. Icosabutate was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Treatment with icosabutate once daily significantly reduced TG, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Apo C-III levels in patients with very high TG levels. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01893515. (C) 2016 National Lipid Association. All rights reserved.