INFLUENCE OF HABITAT RESTORATION ON POST-EMERGENCE DISPLACEMENT OF BROWN TROUT (SALMO TRUTTA L.): A CASE STUDY IN A NORTHERN SWEDISH STREAM

During the 19th and 20th centuries, Swedish streams were channelized to facilitate the commercial transport of timber on water. Stream-dwelling fish were affected by the consequent reduction in habitat quality. To mitigate the effects on salmonids, which sustain important recreational fisheries, many streams have been restored through the replacement of boulders into the channel since the early 1980s. However, the effects of restoration on salmonids remain poorly known. This study assesses the effect of habitat restoration on the post-emergence displacement of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) fry. Hatchery-raised fry were released in a third-order stream canalized for timber floating in northern Sweden, and the effect of restoration on displacement was assessed. The short-term (24 h) displacement of trout fry was reduced from 10.1 to 2.3% of fry released following restoration. Water velocity accounted for 89.4% of the variation in fry displacement across years and sites. Post-summer recruitment (the proportion of introduced juvenile trout remaining in the study reaches 60 days after the emergence) increased approximately three fold after restoration. These findings suggest that habitat restoration benefit trout populations through substantial reductions of fry displacement and possible contributions to juvenile recruitment. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.