Ammonia emission characteristics and emission factors of paddy field under reduced nitrogen fertilization

Reducing ammonia emissions while not compromising crop yields is crucial to establishing NH3 emissions reduction effective strategies for China. This study in reducing them, included examining local customary fertilization, and reducing N fertilization to three levels. The study was set in a paddy field at Changsha, Hunan Province, PRC. Ammonia (NH3) was absorbed with sponges soaked with phosphoglycerol at blocks under different reduced fertilizer dosages. Relevant, NH3 emission factors, such as NH4+ floodwater concentrations (floodwater c(NH4+)) and soil concentrations (soil c(NH4+)), floodwater pH, and soil pH, were included. The results indicated that emissions decree as N fertilizer N levels decreased; An optimal fertilization mode from (reduced urea only) reduced emissions without compromising crop yields Related factors clearly suggest that emissions decreased at the condition of reduced N mainly due to floodwater c(NH4+) and soil c(NH4+) which significantly decreased with fertilizer N reduction.