The present stage of China is in the process from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, thus calls for the efficient use of resources including using economical resources intensively and promoting energy conservation of agriculture actively. Straw as a versatile renewable biological resources can be processed into organic fertilizer, fodder, building materials, gas and so on. However, farmers in the various rural areas generally burn straw in the actual use, not only a waste of resources, but also a cause of the worsening haze. Researching the basis of government financial subsidies for straw recycling and formulating the rational financial subsidies, can mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for recycling straw, improve the efficiency of straw recycling effectively, and realize economy of recycling agriculture ultimately.