Emerging Procedures in Bariatric Metabolic Surgery

Metabolic surgery includes a variety of procedures performed on individuals who are obese and have associated obesity-related metabolic diseases.1 The procedure also is extended to treat severely diabetic individuals where medical therapy is not as effective.2,3 Because it is a recalcitrant disease, however, the treatment options and paradigm are ever-changing. Recently, metabolic diabetes surgery has become a viable option for long-term treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This branch of medicine was referred to as bariatric (from the Greek, baros, for weight), but recent awareness that these procedures can treat concomitant obesity-related metabolic diseases effectively has given rise to a new specialty of bariatric metabolic surgery.4 It is understood that there is an independent weight mechanism for the treatment of diabetes. The least efficient bariatric surgical treatment is many times more effective than medical treatment. There is a massive growth in the number of bariatric procedures because the need for one most effective and least complicated procedure still goes on. There are emerging bariatric procedures that are created to address those