A Review on Mobile Sensor Localization

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are on a steady rise in the current decade because of its progressions in hardware design, resource efficiency, communication and routing protocols, and other aspects. Recently, people started preferring mobile nodes in the place of static nodes, which brought mobile sensor network into focus. Location information always plays a key role in Mobile wireless sensor network (MWSN) and precise localization has always been a challenge for mobile sensor nodes. Deploying GPS receivers for each node would render network deployment cost for a dense network. The unavailability of GPS in indoor and underground environment has also put the installation of GPS into question. This makes the sensor nodes to identify its location coordinates or location reference without using GPS, and is achieved with the help of a special node that knows its location coordinates and protocols, called beacon node. This paper's goal is to confer different localization techniques used by mobile sensor nodes to identify their location information. Problems and future issues have also been discussed.