[1] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Econ Metodi Quantitat & Strategie Im, Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy
[2] Univ Milano Bicocca, Ctr European Studies CefES Italy, Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy
[3] Coll Carlo Alberto, Ctr Res Pens & Welf Policies CeRP Italy, Piazza Vincenzo Arbarello 8, I-10122 Turin, Italy
[4] Rimini Ctr Econ Anal RCEA Canada, 75 Univ Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada