Cruciate ligament avulsion fractures

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the variability of cruciate avulsion fractures. Type of Study: Retrospective observational study. Methods: Standardized radiographs and computed tomography (CT) examinations were performed in 40 patients (31 male, 9 female; age range, 10 to 77 years) with cruciate avulsion fractures. Results: The average age of patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fractures was 21.5 years and that of patients with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures was 42.9 years. Two basic patterns of avulsion fracture emerged. ACL fractures were either partial (62%) (with avulsion of anteromedial bundle) or extended (38%) and were comminuted in 25%. PCL fractures were either complete (47%) or extended (53%) and were comminuted in 50%. CT helped delineate fracture margins, comminution and extent. Conclusions: Although there is considerable variability in fracture type, 2 basic patterns of ACL and PCL avulsion fractures exist. CT helps delineate these features as a prelude to surgical fixation. Level of Evidence: Level III.