Changes in anti-mullerian hormone levels as a biomarker for ovarian reserve after ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment of adenomyosis and uterine fibroid

Objective To assess the changes in antimullerian hormone (AMH) levels after ablation for symptomatic uterine fibroids and adenomyosis using ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU). Design A prospective study. Setting Gynaecological department in multiple hospitals in South Korea. Population Patients with uterus fibroids and adenomyosis. Methods Seventy-nine women with symptomatic uterine fibroids and adenomyosis who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study between January 2014 and December 2014. All patients underwent USgHIFU ablations. Each patient was examined before and after treatment, and at 6 and 12 months after treatment by T2-weighted MRI imaging (T2WI) and T1-weighted MRI imaging (T1WI) with gadolinium injection. Symptom severity scores (SSS), Uterine Fibroid Symptom Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) questionnaire subscales, and reductions of treated volume were assessed. AMH levels before and 6 months after HIFU ablation were compared to determine whether USgHIFU ablation affected ovarian reserve. Main outcome measures HIFU treatment did not affect the ovarian function. Results HIFU treatment time (mean +/- standard deviation), HIFU ablation time, and treatment energy were 73.5 +/- 25.6 minutes, 9994.7 +/- 386.8 seconds, and 364 713.8 +/- 156 350.7 Joules, respectively. AMH levels before and 6 months after HIFU ablation were 2.11 +/- 2.66 and 1.84 +/- 2.57 mu g/l, respectively. There was no significant difference in AMH level between the two time points (P > 0.05). Conclusions USgHIFU ablation for uterine fibroid and adenomyosis was effective without affecting ovarian reserve.