The impact of radiation on the morphological, structural properties, linear and nonlinear optical parameters of gallium phthalocyanine chloride thin films for optoelectronic devices

The effects of various doses of gamma rays (GR) in the range of 1-10 kGy on thermally evaporated gallium phthalocyanine chloride (GaPcCl) thin films were investigated in this work. According to the results, GR has a significant influence on the structural and optical characteristics of GaPcCl thin films. The structure of GR was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). After 10 KGy irradiation, the optical band gap shrank from 1.98 eV to 1.60 eV. The irradiation has a great impact on optical characteristics such as the refractive index n, absorption coefficient (alpha), Conductivity (Optical, sigma(Opt) and Electrical, sigma(Elect.)), and complex dielectric constant (epsilon). The ratio of carrier concentration to effective mass N/m*, lattice (epsilon(L)), infinity (epsilon(infinity)) dielectric constants, oscillator energy (Eo) and dispersion energy Ed were all analyzed as dispersion parameters. The optical moments (M-3 and M-1) were computed and observed to reduce with irradiation at sug-gested doses. Also, some of nonlinear optical parameters such as third order nonlinear susceptibility (chi((3))) were determined.