Significant and variable linear polarization during the prompt optical flash of GRB 160625B

被引:104
|
作者
Troja, E. [1 ,2 ]
Lipunov, V. M. [3 ,4 ]
Mundell, C. G. [5 ]
Butler, N. R. [6 ]
Watson, A. M. [7 ]
Kobayashi, S. [8 ]
Cenko, S. B. [1 ,2 ]
Marshall, F. E. [2 ]
Ricci, R. [9 ]
Fruchter, A. [10 ]
Wieringa, M. H. [11 ]
Gorbovskoy, E. S. [3 ,4 ]
Kornilov, V. [3 ,4 ]
Kutyrev, A. [1 ,2 ]
Lee, W. H. [7 ]
Toy, V. [1 ]
Tyurina, N. V. [3 ,4 ]
Budnev, N. M. [12 ]
Buckley, D. A. H. [13 ]
Gonzalez, J. [7 ]
Gress, O. [12 ]
Horesh, A. [14 ]
Panasyuk, M. I. [15 ]
Prochaska, J. X. [16 ]
Ramirez-Ruiz, E. [16 ]
Rebolo Lopez, R. [17 ]
Richer, M. G. [18 ]
Roman-Zuniga, C. [18 ]
Serra-Ricart, M. [17 ]
Yurkov, V. [19 ]
Gehrels, N. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[2] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[3] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russia
[4] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Univ Prospekt 13, Moscow 119234, Russia
[5] Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England
[6] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[7] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apartado Postal 70-264, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
[8] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2 Bldg,Liverpool Sci Pk,146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England
[9] INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
[10] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
[11] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
[12] Irkutsk State Univ, Inst Appl Phys, 20 Gagarin Blvd, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
[13] South African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa
[14] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel
[15] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys Lomonosov, Moscow 119991, Russia
[16] Univ Calif Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
[17] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Via Lactea S-N, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain
[18] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apartado Postal 106, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico
[19] Blagoveshchensk State Pedag Univ, Lenin St 104, Blagoveshchensk 675000, Amur Region, Russia
基金
俄罗斯科学基金会;
关键词
GAMMA-RAY BURST; INDUCED MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; INTERNAL SHOCKS; REVERSE SHOCK; LIGHT CURVES; EMISSION; AFTERGLOWS; 041219A; JETS; SIMULATIONS;
D O I
10.1038/nature23289
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Newly formed black holes of stellar mass launch collimated outflows (jets) of ionized matter that approach the speed of light. These outflows power prompt, brief and intense flashes of gamma-rays known as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), followed by longer-lived afterglow radiation that is detected across the electromagnetic spectrum. Measuring the polarization of the observed GRB radiation provides a direct probe of the magnetic fields in the collimated jets. Rapid-response polarimetric observations of newly discovered bursts have probed the initial afterglow phase(1-3), and show that, minutes after the prompt emission has ended, the degree of linear polarization can be as high as 30 per cent-consistent with the idea that a stable, globally ordered magnetic field permeates the jet at large distances from the central source(3). By contrast, optical(4-6) and gamma-ray(7-9) observations during the prompt phase have led to discordant and often controversial(10-12) results, and no definitive conclusions have been reached regarding the origin of the prompt radiation or the configuration of the magnetic field. Here we report the detection of substantial (8.3 +/- 0.8 per cent from our most conservative simulation), variable linear polarization of a prompt optical flash that accompanied the extremely energetic and long-lived prompt gamma-ray emission from GRB 160625B. Our measurements probe the structure of the magnetic field at an early stage of the jet, closer to its central black hole, and show that the prompt phase is produced via fast-cooling synchrotron radiation in a large-scale magnetic field that is advected from the black hole and distorted by dissipation processes within the jet.
引用
收藏
页码:425 / +
页数:12
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