Targeted programs in the Russian Federation as a matter for evaluation

The article deals with the issues of targeted programs' efficiency evaluation in the state budgeting. Targeted programs play a significant role in both the public and private sectors of the economy all over the world, and the problems of their assessment, including the efficiency evaluation, are widely discussed in the scientific literature. At the same time, the concepts within such programs and efficiency evaluation are rather diverse, which makes it difficult to form a set of reliable methods that would (1) meet the needs of decision-makers, (2) have a scientific validity, and (3) be relevant and add to the welfare of the country's population. Such assessments can best enhance the efficiency of the use of budgetary resources. Behavioral decision theory, measurement and estimation theories and system analysis constitute the methodological basis of the study. The current research delves into the fundamental concepts used while evaluating targeted programs and compares their theoretical provisions with the practical aspects of application. We find that the existing interpretation of the terms "program" and "efficiency" exercised in Russia does not allow realizing the full potential of targeted programs as tools of planning when it comes to enhancing the efficiency of budget expenditures incurred in resolving complex socio-economic problems. In addition, this interpretation impedes the monitoring of planned events inherent in the methods and models of program evaluation adopted overseas. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the substantiation and development of particular practices aimed at evaluating public programs in Russia.