Quantum fluctuation theorem for dissipative processes

被引:6
|
作者
De Chiara, Gabriele [1 ,2 ]
Imparato, Alberto [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland
[2] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5221, Lab Charles Coulomb L2C, F-34095 Montpellier, France
[3] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
来源
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH | 2022年 / 4卷 / 02期
基金
英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词
!text type='PYTHON']PYTHON[!/text] FRAMEWORK; DYNAMICS; QUTIP;
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.023230
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
We present a general quantum fluctuation theorem for the entropy production of an open quantum system coupled to multiple environments, not necessarily at equilibrium. Such a general theorem, when restricted to the weak-coupling and Markovian regime, holds for both local and global master equations, corroborating the thermodynamic consistency of local quantum master equations. The theorem is genuinely quantum, as it can be expressed in terms of conservation of a Hermitian operator, describing the dynamics of the system state operator and of the entropy change in the baths. The integral fluctuation theorem follows from the properties of such an operator. Furthermore, it is also valid when the system is described by a time-dependent Hamiltonian. As such, the quantum Jarzynski equality is a particular case of the general result presented here. Moreover, our result can be extended to nonthermal baths, as long as microreversibility is preserved. We present some numerical examples to showcase the exact results previously obtained. We finally generalize the fluctuation theorem to the case where the interaction between the system and the bath is explicitly taken into account. We show that the fluctuation theorem amounts to a relation between time-reversed dynamics of the global density matrix and a two-time correlation function along the forward dynamics involving the baths' entropy alone.
引用
收藏
页数:16
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