ISPH simulations of convective flow within a porous circular cylinder over a rectangular cavity containing nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs)

The purpose of this work is to apply an incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method to carry out numerical simulations on the natural convection flow of nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs) within a porous cavity. The cavity is consisting of a circular cylinder mounted above a rectangular shape and the whole domain is filled by glass beads as a porous medium. The phase changes of the encapsulated nanoparticles were estimated by the heat capacity of the core-shell layers. Partial heat source T-h with a variable length L-h is in the left wall of a cavity and the other parts of a left wall are adiabatic. The top and bottom walls are adiabatic, and the right wall has a lowtemperature T-c. The numerical simulations are performed under the various values of a hot source length L-h (0.2 <= L-h <= 2), fusion temperature theta(f) (0.05 <= theta(f) <= 0.95) and Stefan parameter Ste (0.2 <= Ste <= 1). The main finding indicated that the ribbon zone of themeting/solidification is diminishing as either the fusion temperature or the Stefan number is growing. The temperature distributions, average Nusselt coefficient, and velocity fields are augmented as the length of the heated part is growing.