OVERVIEW OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES

The issue regarding the energetic dimension of economic growth and development has become today a very sensitive subject, and the energetic paradigm will sharpen even more in the future years. In present day alternatives are searched for to obtain energy by using some technologies that offer maximum yield, high reliability and minimum pollution. A technology like this, considered at the present day, the cleanest one, by which sustainable energy can be obtained, uses hydrogen as fuel. Hydrogen has great potential as a non polluting fuel, it can be considered as synthetic fuel in an age later the fossil fuel and also, hydrogen, with the role of secondary energy carrier can help increase the stability of energetic safety and price, creating competition between the sources of energy. Besides these, hydrogen is applied at a large scale, in the centre of attention is the fact that hydrogen can be easily obtained by a large range of primary energies from classic or renewable resources, and it can be used at great rates for a large range of applications, starting transportation and portable ones, till stationary, without carbon dioxide emissions. Hydrogen can not be found in nature, in the pure state, so it can not be exploited as oil or coal. It must be extracted from chemical compounds. Regardless of the source from which the hydrogen is extracted from, the process to obtain it is necessary, and it needs energy consumption. The great advantage is that to generate hydrogen it is not strictly necessary to use energy from classic fuels; it can be used renewable sources of energy. Hydrogen production is not something recent, to fabricate it there are already well known technologies, but the last tendencies from technologic domain to extract hydrogen are based on producing hydrogen from renewable resources, thus being the object of different demonstrative projects that will allow validation of these technologies as alternatives to the classic ones, having a real potential to become solutions in providing access for every citizen of this planet to pure, clean, non polluted energy, at a reasonable cost. This article has as purpose evaluation of possibilities of producing hydrogen from renewable resources, being highlighted the innovational tendencies of extraction technologies. In this matter the following have been investigated: the characteristic data available regarding these technologies, the advantages and disadvantages of it, aspects regarding effects on environment and application domains of hydrogen - especially in the stationary applications.