air quality;
asthma;
biological agents;
endotoxin;
inflammation;
odor;
poultry;
swine;
D O I:
10.1289/ehp.8835
中图分类号:
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号:
08 ;
0830 ;
摘要:
Toxic gases, vapors, and particles are emitted from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) into the general environment. These include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, malodorous vapors, and particles contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms. Little is known about the health risks of exposure to these agents for people living in the surrounding areas. Malodor is one of the predominant concerns, and there is evidence that psychophysiologic changes may occur as a result of exposure to malodorous compounds. There is a paucity of data regarding community adverse health effects related to low-level gas and particulate emissions. Most information comes from studies among workers in CAFO installations. Research over the last decades has shown that microbial exposures, especially endotoxin exposure, are related to deleterious respiratory health effects, of which cross-shift lung function decline and accelerated decline over time are the most pronounced effects. Studies in naive subjects and workers have shown respiratory inflammatory responses related to the microbial load. This working group, which was part of the Conference on Environmental Health Impacts of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations: Anticipating Hazards-Searching for Solutions, concluded that there is a great need to evaluate health effects from exposures to the toxic gases, vapors, and particles emitted into the general environment by CAFOs. Research should focus not only on nuisance and odors but also on potential health effects from microbial exposures, concentrating on susceptible subgroups, especially asthmatic children and the elderly, since these exposures have been shown to be related to respiratory health effects among workers in CAFOs.
机构:
Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USAAnim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA
Carlson, James C.
Linz, George M.
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机构:
Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,N Dakota Field Off, Bismarck, ND 58501 USAAnim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA
Linz, George M.
Ballweber, Lora R.
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机构:
Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USAAnim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA
Ballweber, Lora R.
Elmore, Stacey A.
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机构:
Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USAAnim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA
Elmore, Stacey A.
Pettit, Susan E.
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机构:
Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USAAnim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA
Pettit, Susan E.
Franklin, Alan B.
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机构:
Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USAAnim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA
机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Liu, Xueping
Zhang, Wenfeng
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机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Zhang, Wenfeng
Hu, Yuanan
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机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Hu, Yuanan
Hu, Erdan
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机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Hu, Erdan
Xie, Xiande
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h-index: 0
机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Xie, Xiande
Wang, Lingling
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机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
Wang, Lingling
Cheng, Hefa
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h-index: 0
机构:
Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
机构:
Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Eilerman, Scott J.
Peischl, Jeff
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Peischl, Jeff
Neuman, J. Andrew
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Neuman, J. Andrew
Ryerson, Thomas B.
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h-index: 0
机构:
NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Ryerson, Thomas B.
Aikin, Kenneth C.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Aikin, Kenneth C.
Holloway, Maxwell W.
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h-index: 0
机构:
NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA
Sci & Technol Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Holloway, Maxwell W.
Zondlo, Mark A.
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机构:
Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E209A Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08544 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Zondlo, Mark A.
Golston, Levi M.
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机构:
Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E209A Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08544 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Golston, Levi M.
Pan, Da
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机构:
Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E209A Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08544 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Pan, Da
Floerchinger, Cody
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机构:
Aerodyne Res Inc, 45 Manning Rd, Billerica, MA 01821 USA
Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Floerchinger, Cody
Herndon, Scott
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机构:
Aerodyne Res Inc, 45 Manning Rd, Billerica, MA 01821 USAUniv Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA